Water Curing Concrete And its Different Methods
After the placing of concrete the quantity of water present in it is saved .This saving of water in the fresh concrete is known as curing of saved. This quantity of water present in the concrete is necessary for the setting of cement .If this quantity of water decreases then the strength of the concrete also decreases. This decrease in water may be due to evaporation or the water absorbed by the aggregates and surroundings. This decrease of water is made up by different method and steps. This is necessary for the setting of cement and the action of hydration.
Water Curing of concrete is done by the following Different Methods :
1. Spray of water
2. Pounding of water
3. Sticking damp material
4. Covering with water proof materials
5. Application of impervious membrane
6. Use of chemicals
7. Steam curing
Spray of water
This method is generally used for the curing of concrete .This method is used at such places where water is available easily under pressure .In this method water is sprinkled with the help of a flexible pipe of plastic .This is started after 24 hours of the preparation of the concrete. This is done daily after intervals of time .The interval is lessen summer season. While this interval is increased in winter season .This method is better for both horizontal and vertical surfaces of the concrete.
Ponding of water.
In this method of Water Curing Concrete a layer of water of 5 cm (2 inch) thickness is kept stationary on the surface of the concrete. This method is suitable only for horizontal surface of the concrete. This method is suitable for places where water is available in abundance for such curing sand boundaries are erected along the sides of the concrete to maintain the desired depth of water .If the surface is quite vast then the sand boundaries are erected in the surface also to divide the surface in sectors.
Sticking Damp Material.
This method is suitable for every king of surface. This method is particular suitable for inclined surfaces in this method the empty bags of the jute or cement are warped round the surface of concrete .Then water is sprinkled on them. These keep the surface wet for sometime .More water is sprinkled onto them on drying the surface is witted after interval in this way.
Covering with water proof materials.
This method is used where water is not available in plenty of quantity .Water is almost not available for curing(Water Curing Concrete) purposes. In such areas the water of the fresh concrete is saved .For this purpose the concrete is covered with the help of some impervious material like paper or other water proof material . the water of the fresh concrete is saved in this way.
Application Of Impervious Membrane.
In the big areas. it is difficult to sprinkle water on the concrete. These project include the construction of Run-way etc .It this case the surface of the concrete is painted immediately after completion of the work .The water in the concrete is saved in this way .So that the setting of cement is done satisfactorily. These paints include Bitumen, Asphalt, Coal tar, paraffin and Linseed Oil etc.
Use of Chemicals .
Such areas where there is shortage of water some additional chemical are mixed with concrete .Which are helpful in the curing of concrete. These are dissolved in water and keep the water safe for long.In this way the curing period is decreased calcium chloride is such material mostly used for this purpose.
Steam Curing .
Concrete becomes hard enough. If its temperature is increased after placing it . For this purpose the concrete is kept in steam for some period .The concrete possessed strength in it after 24 hours due to steam which it cannot have even after weeks . This method of curing is performed for pre-cast concrete section. This method of curing of concrete is very useful but it is costly method. Therefore this method is not much in use.
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Following Method are used in Steam Water Curing Concrete:
- Stream Curing at low Pressure
- Steam Curing at High Pressure.
- Stream Curing at low Pressure
This method is used for comparatively big section. Here pressure is maintained somewhat higher than the atmospheric pressure. There are two more branches of this method
Intermittent method.
In this method the sections of concrete are placed in a room and steam is filled in the room .Then these are taken out of the room after suitable curing .And the new sections are also treated n this way.
Continuous Method.
In this method special chambers are built for curing purpose .These chambers are of tunnel type .In this case the section of the concrete are gradually introduced in the chamber with the help of trolley or belt. The length of the tunnel and the speed of the belt are adjust such the sections of concrete remain in the tunnel for a fixed interval of time at the end of the tunnel steam is introduced continuously in this tunnel. Curtains are set out at the ends of the tunnel so that steam is not wasted
Steam Curing at High Pressure.
This curing is better for comparatively small section of the concrete .In this method the pressure is maintained enough more that the atmospheric pressure. The specially built chamber for this purpose is called Auto-C laves. The sections of the concrete are placed in them and enough steam is introduced in them In this way more curing is doe in the short interval of time. In this way the steam penetrates into the sections of the concrete then these are takeout of the chamber after suitable curing. And the new sections are also treated in this way . The sections of the concrete contain strength equal to that of 28 days than the strength they obtain only in 24 hours.
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