Load factor formula and design procedure in civil engineering

Today I am going to discuss Load Factor Method and design procedure. As you know that last time I publish a post about Elastic Theory Method. Some of my viewers comment us to discuss some hints about Load Factor Method..

Load Factor Method.

In this method of design of doubly reinforced beam only steel is designed to withstand bending moment along the tension side. The strength of concrete is neglected because it is weak. The extra quantity of bending moment which can be resisted by concrete on the compression side calculated. For this extra bending moment steel reinforcement (Asc) is calculated. In this method the reinforcement steel. (Asl) is generally more than its reinforcement on the compression side Asl. If it is not special arrangements are made. This method of design is better and the reinforcement of steel is calculated by this method generally. In this method the depth of the neutral axis of every type of concrete is considered as 0.5 d1 where as lever arm (la) as 0.75 d1.

Design Procedure of Load Factor Method:

Design procedure of doubly reinforced beam according to load factor method is as under:
Calculate moment of resistance by formula:
Mr = fcb.bd2/4

Calculate area of steel in compression side using the following formula:
Asc = (B.M. – Mr)/fsc.(d1-d2)

Calculate total compression:
C = 1/3 fcbbd1+ Asc.fsc

Assuming total compression (C) equal to the total tension (T) calculated area steel in tension side as:
Ast = T/fst = C/fst

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