Water-Cement Ratio With Example

water–cement ratio is the ratio of the weighting of water to the weighting of cement use in a concrete mixing. Lower ratio lead to high strength and durable, but can make the mix hard (difficult)  to work with  or form..

Water-Cement Ratio Method Of Mix Design.

Water-cement ration has much effect on the strength of concrete.The more this ratio is the less strong is the concrete and vice versa. By experimenting on this ratio , graphs have been constructed .For the concrete  mix design the required ratio is consulted from the graph . The concrete is prepared by calculating the ratio of fine aggregates and the coarse aggregates by knowing the fines modulus. If the desired strength is not obtained then this can be achieved by decreasing or increasing the quantity of cement.

 

Example Of Water-Cement Ratio Method

The ratio of cement ,sand and crushed stone for a sample to prepare a dense concrete.Voids are 28% in sand and 36% in crushed stone.

SOLUTION .
Assuming total volume of mixed concrete as one cubic meter,
  Void in crushed stone   = 0.36 cubic meter
  Volume in crushed stone = 1 - 0.36 cubic meter = 0.64 m^{3 .}

Volume of sand and cement required to fill the voids
                                                                    = 0.36  * 1.15 = 0.414 m³ 

               Volume of sand     =    0.28 * 01.10 * 0.414       = 0.128 m³ 

               Quantity of sand     = 0.414 - 0.128                    = 0.286 m³ 

 So ratio of; cement  , sand and crushed stone by volume is

                          0.128 : 0.286 : 1  or  1: 2.23 :7.51

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